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Information Culture is closely linked with Information Technology, Information Systems and digital world. It is difficult to give one definition of Information Culture and many approaches exist. ==Overview== The literature regarding Information Culture focuses on the relationship between individuals and information in their work. Curry and Moore〔Curry, A. and Moore, C. (2003). Assessing information culture - an exploratory model. ''International Journal of Information Management'', Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 91-110〕 are most frequently cited in the Information Culture literature, and there is consensus of that values accorded to information, and attitudes towards it are indicators of Information Culture (McMillan et al., 2012; Curry and Moore, 2003; Furness, 2010; Oliver, 2007; Davenport and Prusak, 1997; Widén-Wulff, 2000; Jarvenpaa and Staples, 2001).〔Wright, T. (2013). Information culture in a government organization. ''Records Management Journal'', 23(1), 14-36〕 Information Culture is a culture that is conducive to effective information management where "the value and utility of information in achieving operational and strategic goals is recognized, where information forms the basis of organizational decision making and Information Technology is readily exploited as an enabler for effective information systems".〔 Information Culture is a part of the whole Organizational culture. It is only by understanding the organisation that progress can be made with information management activities.〔Oliver, G. (2011), Organizational Culture for Information Managers. Chandos Publishing〕 Ginman〔Ginman, M. (1988). Information culture and business performance. ''IATUL Quarterly'', 2(2), 93–106〕 defines Information Culture as the culture in which the transformation of intellectual resources is maintained alongside the transformation of material resources. Information Culture is the environment where knowledge is produced with social intelligence, social interaction and work knowledge. In many organizations Information Culture is described as a form of Information Technology. As Davenport〔Davenport, T. H. (1994). Saving IT's Soul: Human-Centered Information Management. ''Harvard Business Review'', 72(2), 119-131〕 writes, many executives think they solve all information problems with buying IT-equipment. Information Culture is about effective information management to use information, not machines, and Information Tecnhnology is just a part of Information Culture, which has an interactive role in it.〔Choo, C.W. (2013). Information culture and organizational effectiveness. ''International Journal of information management'', 33, 775-779.〕 Information Culture is the part of organizational culture where evaluation and attitudes towards information depend on the situation in which the organization works. In an organization everyone has different attitudes, but the information profile must be explained, so the importance of information should be realized by executives. The Information Culture is also about formal information systems (technology), common knowledge, individual information systems (attitudes), and information ethics.〔Cronin, B. and Davenport, E. (1993). Social Intelligence. ''Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST)'', 28, 3-44〕 Information Culture does not include written or conscious behavior and what seemingly happening in the organization. Information Culture is affected by the behaviors of internal factors of organization more than external factors, which comes in form of Information Culture, the attitudes and the traditions. Information Culture deals with information, information channels, the attitudes, the use and ability to forward or gather information with the environmental circumstances effectively. Knowledge base of any organization can be viewed according to Nonaka’s〔Nonaka, I. (1994) A Dynamic Theory of Organisational Knowledge Creation. ''Organization Science'', 5(1), 14-37〕 theories about the organizational knowledge production and Cronin & Davenport's〔 theories about the social intelligence. According to these theories it is important to look at the organization Information Culture how the user uses the information. A highly developed Information Culture leads the organization to success and work as a strategic goal that positively associated with organizational practices and performance. Choo et al.〔Choo, C. W., Bergeron, P., Detlor, B., & Heaton, L. (2008). Information culture and information use: An exploratory study of three organizations. ''Journal Of The American Society For Information Science & Technology'', 59(5), 792-804〕 looked at Information Culture as the socially shared patterns of behaviors, norms and values that define the significance and use of information in an organization. Norms are standards and values are beliefs and together they mold the information behavior as normal that are expected by the people in organization. In so far, information behavior is the reflection of cultural norms and values. Marchand, Kettinger and Rollins〔Marchand, D., Kettinger, W., & Rollins, J. (2001). Information orientation: The link to business performance. New York : Oxford University Press〕 identifies six information behaviors and values to profile an organization's Information Culture: * Information integrity is defined as the use of information in a trustful and principled manner. * Information formality is the willingness to use and trust formal information over informal sources. * Information control is the extent to which information is used to manage and monitor performance. * Information transparency is the openness in reporting on errors and failures. * Information sharing is the willingness to provide others with information. * Proactiveness is actively using new information to innovate and respond quickly to changes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Information culture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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